Mineral Sunscreens on the Rise
In recent years, mineral sunscreens have surged in popularity, driven by public concerns over the safety and environmental impact of traditional “chemical” sunscreens. Market trends show a significant shift as consumers seek alternatives they believe are gentler on the body and the planet — particularly coral reefs.
Separating Myth from Science
Despite growing demand, the debate between mineral and chemical sunscreens is steeped in misunderstanding and misinformation. Many common claims — that mineral sunscreens are “chemical-free,” that chemical formulas are toxic, or that one type blocks UV rays while the other absorbs them — don’t hold up to scientific scrutiny.
What’s Really in Your Sunscreen?
The confusion begins with terminology. “Everything is a chemical,” explains Brian Diffey, emeritus professor of photobiology at the University of Newcastle and creator of the UVA star rating system. The so-called chemical sunscreens use organic UV filters (meaning they contain carbon-hydrogen bonds), while mineral sunscreens use inorganic filters such as zinc oxide or titanium dioxide, which do not contain those bonds.
Both types are chemicals — just different kinds.
Effectiveness and Safety: No Clear Winner
Concerns about hormone disruption or environmental damage from chemical sunscreens have prompted further study, but evidence remains inconclusive. Regulatory bodies like the FDA and European Commission have approved both organic and inorganic filters as safe when used as directed.
While mineral sunscreens may be better for sensitive skin and less likely to irritate, they can leave a white cast, making them less cosmetically appealing for some users. Chemical formulas tend to be more lightweight and blendable, but may irritate some skin types.
The Bottom Line
Rather than picking sides, experts suggest choosing a sunscreen — mineral or chemical — that suits your skin, lifestyle, and needs, and most importantly, using it consistently.
In the words of Professor Diffey, the real danger isn’t what type you use — it’s not using any at all.